| Common Poisons and Recommended Antidotes | |
| Toxin | Antidote |
| Acetaminophen (in many analgesics) | N-Acetylcysteine |
| Anticholinergics (antihistamines, plants, GI medications) | Physostigmine (with caution) |
| Anticoagulants (in rodenticides) | Vitamin K |
| Antimony (agent in paste) | Dimercaprol (BAL), Penicillamine |
| Arsenic (ant traps) | Dimercaprol (BAL), Penicillamine |
| Beta Blockers | Glucagon |
| Bismuth (GI medication) | Dimercaprol (BAL) |
| Botulism | Botulism Antitoxin |
| Carbamate Insectisides | Atropine |
| Calcium Channel Blockers | Calcium Gluconate |
| Carbon Monoxide | 100% Oxygen, Hyperbaric Oxygen |
| Chloroquine (antimalarial) | Diazepam |
| Cyanide (fruit stone seeds, nitroprusside for hypertension, plastic fires, metal polishes) | Lilly Cyanide Antidote Kit: Amyl nitrate, Sodium nitrate, Sodium thiosulfate; vitamin B-12 (investigative) |
| Digoxin, Digitoxin, Plants | Digibind (Fragment Antibody Bovine (FAB)) |
| Ethylene Glycol (antifreeze) | Ethanol |
| Fluoride (rodenticides) | Calcium Gluconate |
| Gold (antirheumatoid) | Dimercaprol (BAL) |
| Hydralazine (antihypertensive) | Pyridoxine |
| Hydrofluoric acid (etching glass) | Local Calcium Gluconate Jelly, Magnesium Sulfate soaks |
| Iron (dietary supplementation) | Deferoxamine (Desferal) |
| Isoniazid (antituberculosis) | Pyridoxine |
| Lead (old paints and plaster dust) | Calcium Disodium Edetate (EDTA), Dimercaprol (BAL) |
| Mercury (fungicides, thermometers) | Dimercaprol (BAL), Penicillamine |
| Methemoglobinemia (nitrites, dyes) | Methylene blue |
| Methanol (antifreeze, dry gas) | Ethanol |
| Opioids | Naloxone |
| Organophosphate Insectisides | Atropine, Pralidoxamine |
| Phencyclidine ("Angel Dust", PCP) | Ammonium Chloride (with caution) |
| Phenobarbital | Sodium Bicarbonate |
| Phenothiazine Dystonic Reaction | Diphenhydramine |
| Phenylurea (rodenticide, Vacor) | Nicotinamide |
| Salicyclate | Sodium Bicarbonate |
| Snake Bite | Antivenom |
| Spider Bite (Lactrodectus - Black Widow) | Antivenom |
| Tricyclic Antidepressants | Sodium Bicarbonate |
| Opioid withdrawal | Methadone, Clonidine |
| Barbiturate withdrawal | Phenobarbital |
| Benzodiazepine withdrawal | Diazepam |
| Ethanol withdrawal | Diazepam |
| Other sedative/hypnotic withdrawal | Phenobarbital or Diazepam |
| Return to Main Index | |